Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Photobiomodulation promotes osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells and increases P-Akt levels in vitro

doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-02428-7

Figure Lengend Snippet: Impact of PBM intervention on osteogenic differentiation of hUCMSCs. ( a ) Growth curves of cultured P5 hUCMSCs. ( b ) Day 5 growth status of P5. ( c ) Osteogenic staining. ( d ) Lipogenic staining. ( e ) Effect of PBM on cell proliferation. ( f ) Effect of PBM on the level of ALP. ( g ) Measurement of ALP activity. ( h ) Effect of PBM on calcium nodules. ( i ) Quantification of calcium nodule content in hUCMSCs. Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation. Compared with the Control group, * p < 0.05; Compared with the 635 nm group, # p < 0.05, ns indicates no statistically significant difference.

Article Snippet: The effect of PBM on the proliferation of hUCMSCs was assessed using the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8, Beyotime, China) assay, a widely employed method for evaluating cell viability.

Techniques: Cell Culture, Staining, Activity Assay, Standard Deviation, Control

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Photobiomodulation promotes osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells and increases P-Akt levels in vitro

doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-02428-7

Figure Lengend Snippet: Study of the mechanism of PBM intervention in osteogenic differentiation of hUCMSCs. ( a ) RT-PCR was performed to detect relevant gene expression. ( b ) ELISA was performed to detect cytokines. ( c ) Effect of PBM on the level of reactive ROS in hUCMSCs. Scale bar: 100 μm. ( d ) Relative fluorescent intensities of ROS levels analysed using Image J software. Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation. Compared with the Control group, * p < 0.05; Compared with the 635 nm group, # p < 0.05, ns indicates no statistically significant difference.

Article Snippet: The effect of PBM on the proliferation of hUCMSCs was assessed using the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8, Beyotime, China) assay, a widely employed method for evaluating cell viability.

Techniques: Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction, Gene Expression, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Software, Standard Deviation, Control

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Photobiomodulation promotes osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells and increases P-Akt levels in vitro

doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-02428-7

Figure Lengend Snippet: The effect of PBM intervention on P-Akt expression in hUCMSCs. ( a ) Immunofluorescence assay to detect the expression of P-Akt in hUCMSCs. Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation. P-Akt (red), DAPI (blue), Scale bar: 100 μm. ( b ) Relative fluorescent intensities of P-Akt analysed using Image J software. Compared with the Control group, * p < 0.05. Compared with the 635 nm group, # p < 0.05, ns indicates no statistically significant difference.

Article Snippet: The effect of PBM on the proliferation of hUCMSCs was assessed using the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8, Beyotime, China) assay, a widely employed method for evaluating cell viability.

Techniques: Expressing, Immunofluorescence, Standard Deviation, Software, Control

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Photobiomodulation promotes osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells and increases P-Akt levels in vitro

doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-02428-7

Figure Lengend Snippet: Impact of Akt pathway inhibition on hUCMSCs osteogenic differentiation. ( a ) Effect of inhibiting Akt pathway on ALP activity of hUCMSCs. Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation. ( b ) The effect of inhibiting the Akt pathway on calcium nodules of hUCMSCs osteogenic differentiation, * p < 0.05 compared with the Control group; # p < 0.05 compared with 635–808 nm irradiation group.

Article Snippet: The effect of PBM on the proliferation of hUCMSCs was assessed using the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8, Beyotime, China) assay, a widely employed method for evaluating cell viability.

Techniques: Inhibition, Activity Assay, Standard Deviation, Control, Irradiation

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Photobiomodulation promotes osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells and increases P-Akt levels in vitro

doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-02428-7

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of inhibition of the Akt pathway on osteogenesis-related gene expression. ( a ) Influence of 635 nm laser exposure on osteogenesis-associated gene expression in hUCMSCs following Akt pathway inhibition. ( b ) Influence of 808 nm laser exposure on osteogenesis-associated gene expression of hUCMSCs after Akt pathway inhibition. Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation, * p < 0.05 compared to the Control group and # p < 0.05 compared with 635–808 nm irradiation group.

Article Snippet: The effect of PBM on the proliferation of hUCMSCs was assessed using the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8, Beyotime, China) assay, a widely employed method for evaluating cell viability.

Techniques: Inhibition, Gene Expression, Standard Deviation, Control, Irradiation

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Photobiomodulation promotes osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells and increases P-Akt levels in vitro

doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-02428-7

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of inhibition of the Akt pathway on osteogenesis-related factors and ROS. ( a ) Influence of 635 nm laser exposure on hUCMSCs expression of osteogenic correlated factors after Akt pathway inhibition. ( b ) Influence of 808 nm laser exposure on hUCMSCs expression of osteogenic correlated factors after Akt pathway inhibition. ( c ) Impact of Akt pathway inhibition on the level of ROS in hUCMSCs. ( d ) Fluorescence quantification was performed using ImageJ to evaluate the effect of 635 nm laser irradiation on ROS levels in hUCMSCs following Akt pathway inhibition. ( e ) Fluorescence quantification was performed using ImageJ to assess the impact of 808 nm laser irradiation on ROS levels in hUCMSCs after Akt pathway inhibition. Scale bar: 100 μm. Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation, * p < 0.05 compared to the Control group and # p < 0.05 compared with 635–808 nm irradiation group.

Article Snippet: The effect of PBM on the proliferation of hUCMSCs was assessed using the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8, Beyotime, China) assay, a widely employed method for evaluating cell viability.

Techniques: Inhibition, Expressing, Fluorescence, Irradiation, Standard Deviation, Control

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Photobiomodulation promotes osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells and increases P-Akt levels in vitro

doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-02428-7

Figure Lengend Snippet: Schematic diagram summarizing the interaction between PI3K/Akt pathway and ROS and enhancement of osteogenic differentiation during PBM intervention in hUCMSCs osteogenic differentiation. The schematic diagram in this figure was created using Adobe Illustrator ( https://www.adobe.com/products/illustrator ).

Article Snippet: The effect of PBM on the proliferation of hUCMSCs was assessed using the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8, Beyotime, China) assay, a widely employed method for evaluating cell viability.

Techniques: